Gender Determination using Nasal Index and Nasal Parameters
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Abstract
Aim: To analyse the differences in the gender of an individual using nasal index and nasal parameters
Background of research: Gender determination is the first and crucial step in analyzing the skeletal remains to determine the identity of an individual in matters related to criminal investigations. Gender identification can be done through the measurements of various parts of the skeletal remains such as pelvic morphology, cranial features, and long bone measurements. Recent researchers have found that nasal parameters are one such factor that could also contribute to the gender identification of an individual.Therefore, the present study emphasizes thegender determination of an individual by using the nasal parameters on the students of Garden City University, Bangalore, Karnataka.
Methodology: The present study consisted of 200 students of both genders belonging to the age group of 18-25 years from Garden City University. The present study was conducted over4 months. People with a history of trauma in the nose were excluded from the study.The measurement of the nasal parameters was done using the instrument ‘Digital Vernier Calipers’. The nasal height (NH) and nasal breadth (NB) were measured. One observer was used totake the measurements to prevent measurement errors. Nasal index is calculated as NB/NH x 100. All the values were statistically analyzed.
Results: The mean nasal height of males is estimated to be 44.18mm and the nasal breadth is 35.90mm. The mean nasal height of females is observed to be 43.13 and the nasal breadth is observed to be 33.73.Whereas the mean nasal index of the male and female population is observed to be 81.72mm and 80.58 mm, this indicates that there is not much difference in the nasal index of males and females.
Conclusions: These results indicate that the most common nose type in males is mesorrhine (57), leptorrhine (12), platyrrhine (25), and hyper platyrrhine (5). These results also indicate that the most common nasal type in females is mesorrhine (53) and platyrrhine (41) and the least is observed to be (6).